Saying and actions which are haram but could make you kaafir:
(i) ‘So and so man can do whatever he wishes’, because Allah says in the Qur’an that he does whatever he wishes. Or ‘The richest of all rich people’ or ‘The king of all kings’ or ‘Qaadhi Qudhaat’ – Imam Mawardi was Murji. Hadith says that the most hated names for Allah are ‘the king of all kings’ and there is no Malik but Allah.
(ii) ‘O Allah forgive me if you wish’ – it is not asking forgiveness really because the Hadith, Muslim No. 2678 from Anas Bin Malik, p2063, that the Messenger Muhammad (saw) said: ‘If any one of you ask Allah let him have azeema, and do not say ‘forgive me if you wish’ there is nothing that Allah dislikes from your request or that he cannot do.
(iii) Imam Shaafi, Kitab Umm, Hadith: ‘If anyone says to his Muslim brother ‘you are an enemy of Allah’ or ‘you Jew’ that is kufr Asghar and if there is no cause that could lead to kufr Akbar.
(iv) ‘The nature decided it’ or ‘it was lucky for me’ or ‘that is the destinies wish’
(v) ‘The man does not deserve that sickness or calamity’ this is dangerous because you are accusing Allah of injustice, rather we say kafarah, this is what Ibliss said.
(vi) ‘So and so man is far from any forgiveness or far from any guidance or far from Jannah’ you are testifying. Muslim, Vol 4 p2023. hadith of Jundub that the Messenger Muhammad (saw) said regarding a man who said that Allah will never forgive so and so man, Allah said who made judgement for me, I forgive so and so and vanish all your good deeds.’
(vii) ‘May Allah oppress you’
(viii) ‘Allah remembered him and took him’ or to say to Allah ‘what did you do for him’
(ix) ‘tomorrow I will do so and so’ without to say Insha’Allah
(x) ‘If we did so and so’ or ‘if we did not do so and so’
The Prohibited Actions, which could be kufr or shirk or haram etc…
(i) Anyone to make Tabarruk (make barakah) with the Ka’abah such as to touch the cloth, go to the cave or take any step that the Prophet stood e.g. in Badr, except what is mentioned
(ii) Hanging all the tamaaim or ta’weez, whether in the clothes in the car or in the home to prevent harm or the evil eye or hasad, whether stones or ayat [decoration is different – but we avoid it] Imam Malik said that it is forbidden to write any ayah or hadith on the wall. The Jumhour of the Ulema said that it is not allowed. Those who used to do so did so not because as decoration not to remember to read it
(iii) To wear ear-rings or string
(iv) Intercession by any person is not allowed, e.g. by the soul of the Prophet Muhammad (saw), we can only do so by his name or his attribute or to ask Allah ‘By my good deeds if I did it just for you please forgive me’ this is mentioned in Bukhari (to ask forgiveness by your best deeds) and show me a sign or to ask anyone to make dua for you is allowed.
(v) Any allegiance to a tribe, country or people instead of Allah (SWT) is haram and could lead to kufr akbar
(vi) Doing any party which Islam forbids whether to imitate kuffar or to get reward e.g. to celebrate the Hijra or birthday of the Prophet, the new year Christian or Muslim calendar or night of Isra and Meraj or shabbe-barat or to celebrate on the 27th of Ramadhaan (as opposed to seeking the night of Al-qadr) hence we have the last 10 nights, because people start to celebrate this night,
(vii) To do Zikr by any instrument or to do Zikr collectively for ‘more reward’
(viii) Imitating Kaafir e.g. looking at the Jews
(ix) Establishing idols or photographs or hanging any photos of living beings
(x) To be pessimistic - to expect harm or calamity without tangible evidence or Shari’ah evidence
(xi) Doubting Allah
(xii) Following any Sufi tariqah
(xiii) To doubt or have bad thinking about Allah, that he will not forgive you etc…
(xiv) To distribute any leaflets that say ‘pass this on to 10 people’
B Kufr Asghar – what decreases the Imaan by doing what Allah has forbidden and the Shari’ah calls it kufr because it is denying great Haq to somebody, whether to Allah or another. However it does not make you Kaafir.
Examples:
- To call a Muslim Kaafir except if someone does it for the sake of it (e.g. if he does it for the sake of it)
- For a wife to disobey her husband, when the woman says to him ‘I never saw one day nice with you’
- Fighting Muslims
- A person to attribute himself different to his father
- Kufrun nema - A person who is ungrateful to what Allah has given him – could be many things e.g. for wife, computer etc…
- Accuse someone’s lineage e.g. your father is such and such a person, or you are the son of a dirty tribe
- Wailing for dead people
- Servant to run away from boss
- To pray without purity
- To approach wife from the dubr
Hadith said that ‘…to insult Muslim is a sin but to fight him is kufr…’ Therefore the two are not the same.
Hadith: ‘a mu’min cannot be mu’min while he is committing fornication’ but he is not kaafir.
Hadith: Abu Hurairah: ‘the one who has relationship with one during menstruation or in back or goes to fortune teller he becomes kaafir on what Allah has revealed’
In another Hadith: ‘Whoever has relationship during menses let him make Kafarah..’ Therefore he must still be Muslim, else the kafarah is recovery for sin not kufr!
Therefore Kufr Akbar is kufr in belief level which takes one out of the fold of Islam. Whereas the other one is Kufr doona kufr or kufr Asghar. We can also say that the sins are two types the one which makes you kaafir and the one which does not. To practise some of the Deen and not another is also Kufr. See [2:84 & 85] ‘We take a covenant from you that you will never spill the blood or throw out of your homeland, now look what you have done – you are killing each other and throwing out of your homeland, with full knowledge that it is sin. And when prisoners come you ask for money to free them. Are you believing in some of the book and disbelieving in another part of it. They will go to severe punishment in the hereafter’
Allah is telling us that they confess and testified i.e. that they are believers – but Imaan and kufr are seen to be in one person, as if you belief in some and disbelief in some. We do not see the niyyah but if we do not see it does not mean that it is not there. The niyyah is accountable. [Infitaar: 12] Allah (SWT) has said that the angels are writing the sayings, actions and niyyah because they know what you do.
Hadith – Bukhari & Muslim: ‘Allah said to the angels, if my servant attempts to do sin do not record it for him until he does it – if he does it write it down as sin. If he does not do it record it for him as hasana 10.’
The angels said: ‘O Rasoul Allah your servant attempts to do sin’ because they read his attention. He said ‘…watch him, if he does it write it for him as equal sin, if he leaves it write that he left it for he feared Allah for it…’
Hence we believe that the angels know the Niyyah, Qowl and Amal. All pillars of Imaan.
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